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The technological response to climate change is mostly a story of China’s response to climate change. Four out of five solar panels, one in every two heat pumps, two-thirds of electric cars, and almost all the world’s batteries are all made in China. This is a structural change in the world’s economy – China’s fossil fuel consumption has plateaued despite ever-increasing energy consumption.

“It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair.” Dickens might well have been writing about 2025. Looking at the headlines, you could be tempted into thinking the world of climate change response is all the latter and none of the former right now.